The Directive (EU) 2019/1937 of 23 October 2019 on the protection of persons who report breaches of Union law (the “Whistleblowing Directive”) was introduced with the aim of establishing safe internal and external channels of reporting for whistleblowers within a variety of different organisations. Under the Whistleblowing Directive, both private and public organisations must provide … Read more

There are many different rules and regulations governing how employees return to the physical workplace, following the upheaval of Covid-19, and how to ensure the health and safety of workforces. Do employees need to provide proof of a double vaccination, a negative test, or recent recovery from COVID-19?  The law is rapidly changing and varies … Read more

Radical upheavals in working life are taking hold at a global level as remote and hybrid working leave lasting changes across industries in the wake of the Covid-19 pandemic. In response, employers are more inclined to advocate about geopolitical and social issues, use technology to manage and monitor the new ways of working, and adopt … Read more

For many employers, COVID-19 has led to the closure or the impairment of operations. However, some employers have been able to continue their operations unchanged. If the business reopens after the lockdown, all employers will be equally compelled to take measures to ensure both business continuity and employee protection. In many instances, this involves increased … Read more

In response to COVID-19, the Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs issued new occupational health and safety standards effective 16 April 2020. These standards apply directly and immediately to all companies where work is still being carried out or is being carried out on site again. The occupational health and safety standards are not … Read more

The ECJ has followed the Opinion of EU Advocate General Pitruzzella in ruling that, under the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights and the EU Working Time Directive, member states must require employers to set up an “objective, reliable and accessible” system for recording the actual number and distribution of hours worked by individual workers each … Read more

In RE v Praxair MRC SAS the European Court of Justice has ruled that the calculation of compensation payments for dismissal and redeployment of an employee on a full-time contract, who was on part-time parental leave (as permitted under French law), must be carried out on the basis of the full-time salary.  Calculating these payments based on … Read more

Where disputes involve individual employment contracts, EU jurisdiction rules provide that the employee can only be sued where they are domiciled. In Bosworth v Arcadia Petroleum, the ECJ has ruled that for an individual to have an employment relationship for these purposes, they must perform services for and under the direction of another person, implying the … Read more