The EU-UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement (“TCA“) establishes objectives for the energy market by providing for the facilitation of trade and investment between the EU and the UK (the “parties”) in the areas of energy and raw materials, and supporting security of supply and environmental sustainability, notably in contributing to the fight against climate change … Read more

Royal Decree 1183/2020, of 29 December, on access and connection to the electricity transmission and distribution networks (the Royal Decree or RD 1183/2020) was published in Spain’s Official State Journal (BOE) on 30 December 2020 and entered into effect on the following day. RD 1183/2020 develops and implements – thus allowing for the full application … Read more

The new German Renewable Energies Act 2021 (“EEG 2021”) was finally passed on 18 December 2020 and came into force on 1 January 2021, subject to certain exemptions. The EEG 2021 aims to promote the further expansion of renewable energies and the energy transition in Germany, and achieve greenhouse gas (“GHG”) neutrality by 2050. Setting … Read more

In the final limb of its Ten Point Plan (the Plan), the Government acknowledges the significant investment required to achieve net zero through the developments and innovations elsewhere in the Plan. It seeks to leverage public and private sources of financing, increasing investment in research and development (R&D) while cultivating a green finance sector, including … Read more

One of the aspects of the Government’s new Ten Point Plan is to make homes and public buildings greener. According to Government figures, homes in the UK made up 15% of greenhouse gas emissions in 2018, or 22% if electricity consumption is included. The Government anticipates £11 billion of private investment in this area over … Read more

What are the key features of the Russian refining and petrochemical industry? While Russia takes a leading position in gas and oil production, the same cannot be said about the processing and petrochemical industry. Russia holds only 2.5% of the global refined products market. In 2019, roughly only 11% of gas and 50% of oil … Read more

The Spanish Government recently approved Royal Decree 960/2020, of 3 November, which regulates the remunerative framework applicable to renewable energy production facilities (RD 960/2020), which was analysed here. In order to develop and implement RD 960/2020, the Ministry for Ecological Transition and the Demographic Challenge approved Order TED/1161/2020, of 4 December, which regulates the first … Read more

Both the EU and UK aim to achieve net zero by 2050 and are either taking steps (the EU) or already have enshrined this target in law (the UK). In the shorter term, the EU is currently increasing its 2030 targets to a 60% reduction, and the UK set out a 57% reduction in its … Read more